Dodule 7- Irony of Thomas Jefferson

We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights,
among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, that to secure
these rights governments are instituted among men. We...solemnly publish
and declare, that these colonies are and of right ought to be free and
independent states...And for the support of this declaration, with a firm
reliance on the protection of divine providence, we mutually pledge our
lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honour.

This is a part of "Declaration of Independence" in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson
and It is on the panel of the southwest interior wall are excerpts in the
Thomas Jefferson Memorial. In many speech, Thomas Jefferson stressed "All
Men Are Created Equal" and "Agrarianism" was the one of the most important
his belief. Nevertheless, his belief was against to act.

First, he was the owner of the Virginia Plantation where many slaves worked
for the Thomas Jefferson. Also, he always stressed that the slavery is
"unremitting despotism" and "necessary evil" so it has to disappear but
until he died, he never tried to released his slaves. From the Sandal with
Sally Hermings, he had sexual relationship with a 28 years youngser salve
and they had many Mulato children. Of course he denied until he denied, but
later people got the fact from DNA tests.

Second, he led dismiss the Native American. During his presidency, most of
Indian lost their own lands. Even he U.S. government paid some mony to
indian for moving to mississipi area from east side, it wasn't fair
agreement. In 1807, Thomas Jefferson told, "[I]n war, they will kill some
of us; we will destroy all of them." to the Secretary of State.

I don't care that Thomas Jefferson was a good character or bad character or
He still affect nowaday's society . Many historian evaluate about Thomas
Jefferson that his ideology was too much higher than reality, so his
couldn't display the ideology in real polical affair, so he had to reform
his belief. But, i don't agree with them because any his act wasn't match
with action. He didn't leave a fortune for descendants. It was his fault.
He wasted money too much. He gain money from presidency, but most of money
paid luxury french furniture and wines. I abosolutly sure that Thomas Jefferson is a hypocrite.


Sources:

http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/quotes/jefferson.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson

http://tourofdc.org/monuments/jefferson-memorial/

http://www.monticello.org/

American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson by Joseph J. Ellis ISBN-13: 978-0679764410

Picture: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Jefferson_memorial_1.jpg

Module 6- Immigration Life

Immigration history is the important thing in American History. It affect the U.S. socially, economically, and pollitically. As one of immigrate, i want to know the first time immigration and their life. I founded that immigration life was hard and they worked as hard as they can, it helped to develop America

Live as immigrants had a very hard life and their journey to America was diffucult. People from foreign countries came to Ellis Island which was the biggest gate of importing immigration, they was checked their health, but many people already got sick from the boats because there were so crowded and disgusting.

New York City was the popular living place for immigration. People called “the land of oppourtunity” Many races lived together, such as Jewish, Polish, Italian and Irish. Usually they didn't have enough money, they lived as poor. They lived together in limited space even they don't know each other. The federal government didn't really help immigrants assimilate into American society, so powerful “bosses” (such as New York’s Boss Tweed) who provided jobs and shelters controlled immigrants.

Immigration had jobs as work in factories, or cleaning the streets which Americans' didn't want to work. Working condition was danger and unstanitary. Pay was really bad under minimum wages and many childrens and women work in dangerous circumstance.

With impoving population of immigration, "nativism" also occured in 1850s anti-immigration. The “native” Americans hated immigrants and wanted to degradate from government. In 1887 the American Protective Association (APA) organized and APA explicitly blamed immigration and declared that immigrants had taken the jobs of native-born Americans. Nativism American persistenced these severe limits on immigration, especially from Catholic countries, restricting political office to native-born Americansm, mandating a wait of 21 years before an immigrant could gain citizenship, restricting public school teachers to Protestants...etc.

Even hard life as immigration, the poeple lived to try their best. They had a dream and they developed they own cultures. I believe that their hard work made nowadays advanced American culture and society.

sources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativism_(politics)#Major_anti-immigration_arguments

http://www.immigrationpolicy.org/index.php?content=home

http://www.lifeintheusa.com/stories/index.html

http://www.rapidimmigration.com/usa/1_eng_immigration_history.html

http://library.thinkquest.org/20619/Eihist.html

Media

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0sGP--VeaU&feature=related

http://www.j-archive.com/media/2005-02-23_DJ_13a.jpg

http://mindisitterud.com/images/history_nativism2.jpg

Dodule 5. The Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is the most important foundation of the U.S. The Bill of Rights based on freedom and U.S.’ every congress based on the Bill of Rights. It changed U.S. congresses and still it is the powerful constitution to influence Americans. As a residence of the U.S. we have to know why do we have the Bill of Rights and what is Bill of Rights.

According to Emerson, “America was opened after the feudal mischief was spent, and so the people made a good start. We began well. No inquisition here, no kings, no nobles, no dominant church. Here heresy has lost its terrors.”(p. 9) Americans wanted to establish new liberties by themselves. Even they already had many new liberties but these were from an English custom. Freedom was mainly the product of New World conditions and American believed that man was born free; born naked and stationless, he had a right of equality. Then it made limitation of government. That time, the English constitutional document limited only the crown and protected few rights. American realized that a free people are those who live under a government so constitutionally checked and controlled that is powers must be reasonably exercised without weakening individual rights.

The Bill of Rights leaded by George Medison and came into effect on In December 15, 1791. made the foundation Bill of Rights. It was basic rule of government and the contents carried legal binding force. If congress had a constitutionality problem with the Bill of Rights, the Supreme Court could decide that is invalid work.

First Amendment – Establishment Clause, Free Exercise Clause; freedom of speech, of the press, and of assembly; right to petition
Second Amendment – Right to keep and bear arms.
Third Amendment – Protection from quartering of troops.
Fourth Amendment – Protection from unreasonable search and seizure.
Fifth Amendment – due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, eminent domain.
Sixth Amendment – Trial by jury and rights of the accused; Confrontation Clause, speedy trial, public trial, right to counsel
Seventh Amendment – Civil trial by jury.
Eighth Amendment – Prohibition of excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.
Ninth Amendment – Protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
Tenth Amendment – Powers of states and people.




Bill of Rights: First 10 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution

If the Bill of rights isn’t exist, we can’t get any individual protection of trial by jury. The Bill of Rights gives power to people. For example, After September 11, 2001, people complain the government’s faults under power of individual freedom and still fighting. It is natural happening in the U.S. and people still fighting for take their individual rights in all field. The Bill of Rights is the Glorious Revolution result of fighting for Americans’ individual freedom.

people are against to the goverment after September 11, 2001.

Soruce:

Internet

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights#Text_of_the_Bill_of_Rights

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/bill_of_rights.html

Medias

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxJtZNj_Z2g
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sb6vvrqHYjk

Book

Origins of the Bill of Rights (Yale Contemporary Law Series) (Paperback)by Leonard W. Levy (Author) 978-0300089011 (Quote by Emerson from this book)

James Madison and the Struggle for the Bill of Rights (Pivotal Moments in American History) (Paperback) by Richard Labunski (Author) 978-0195341423

Module4- Symbol of 4th Of July

The 4th of July, also called The Glorious Fourth, is a federal holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. In the morning, patriots hoist the big Stars and Stripes in their yard, barbequing with family and friends in the park, children play fireworks while small village people gather together to have party, and young people share beers to celebrate the Independence Day. The most important symbols of Independence Day; fireworks, the Stars and Stripes, and The Liberty Bell show how much American proud of independence.

Fireworks

American can’t imagine the Independence Day Without fireworks. It is most important event. Some big cities’ fireworks have history, especially Boston’s fireworks broadcasts on TV nationally, Boston Pops Orchestra play Tchaikovsky’s 1812 Overture.
Actually, fireworks were widely popular before the Revolutionary War, and after the Revolutionary War ended, people liked fireworks-the fireworks associated a gun or a cannons’ belching- it became a symbol of the Independence Day. In the early 1900's, many people began to plead for a "safe and sane Fourth." As a result, many cities and states passed laws forbidding the sale of fireworks.

the Stars and Stripes

During the Revolutionary War, several patriots made flags for our new Nation. The Stars and Stripes originated as a result of a resolution adopted by the Marine Committee of the Second Continental Congress at Philadelphia on June 14, 1777. The resolution gave no instruction as to how many points the stars should have, nor how the stars should be arranged on the blue union.
The first national observance of Flag Day occurred June 14, 1877, the centennial of the original flag resolution. In April 4, 1818, the Stars and Stripes provided for 13 stripes and one star for each state, to be added to the flag on the 4th of July following the admission of each new state.

The Liberty Bell

Before Declaration of Independence, the Pennsylvania Assembly ordered the Bell in 1751. There is a quote, "Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof," from Leviticus 25:10. Ringing the bell every Independence Days for in commemoration of independence from 1776, it continued until1846. In 1846 the ring already had a crack, but it became bigger, so the ring couldn’t make a sound.

When I came to the U.S, I didn’t know the importance of Independence Day. In South Korea, there is Independence day, but we are not celebrate as much as American(that is one of a holiday). Now, I learn that even American History is shorter than other country, but the experience of independence is a foundation of the U.S sprit. Every symbols are a big part of U.S. history and When American watch fireworks every years, they remember their ancestors striving to establish the U.S.

Sources
http://activityideas-ivil.tripod.com/id6.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)http://www.boston.com/ae/events/packages/july4_2007/

http://www.july4th.org/

pictures- http://www.ushistory.org/LibertyBell/index.html

http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/

Module 3- As a slave

The story of Slavery never has been and never will be told as a whole. Even many historians try to discover the story, many politicians try to cover the story under the reason which slavery can hurt U.S morality. Nevertheless, the slavery usually people learn from history class. It is the tip of iceberg and Inhumanity and immorality certainly existed.

From the book, “The Willie Lynch Letter and the Making of a Slave” published by Lushena Books tells METHODS to make a slave. According to Frederick Douglas, “It was the interest and business of slave holders to study human nature, and the salve nature in particular with a view to practical results, and many of them attained astonishing proficiently in this direction.” It states the slave owners didn’t care about human being, and the black Africans were a object to give benefits for their property. Slave hunters target was a pregnant black woman, a men and a child. The hunters captured them while they were resting. They destroyed families. Especially, offspring of the pregnant black woman, was used to change the black family relationship. By her being left alone, unprotected, the ordeal circumstance should affect her offspings to be mentally week and dependent. Until the woman having frozen psychological state of independence, the hunters were guard at all time, so she never got a chance to meet her husband and her child.

The slave life was so hard. They worked 12 hours under hot and had terrible living condition destroyed them mentally and physically. Many times living place were changed because their owner sold them and they had to let go. In black slave society, family living together barely existed, and many black mothers were separated from just newborn baby. Also, frequently, the owner raped their women slaves and if the slave born the owner’s baby, the owner sold them separately and tried to hide their faults.

In the whites mind, there wasn’t conscience. It is the most evil institution, so Slavery helped economic growing in the U.S., it couldn’t exist eternally.

Source,

American Slaves Tell Their Stories: Six Interviews (Dover Books on Americana) by Octavia V. Rogers Albert (Paperback - April 1, 2005)
Slavery and the Making of America by James Oliver Horton and Lois E. Horton (Paperback - Feb 16, 2006)